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- /*-
- * Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
- * All rights reserved.
- *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
- * are met:
- * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
- * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
- * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
- * must display the following acknowledgement:
- * This product includes software developed by the University of
- * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
- * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
- * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
- * without specific prior written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
- * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
- * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
- * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
- * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
- * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
- * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
- * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
- * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
- * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
- * SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
- #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
- static char sccsid[] = "@(#)radixsort.c 5.7 (Berkeley) 2/23/91";
- #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
-
- #include <sys/types.h>
- #include <limits.h>
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include <stddef.h>
- #include <string.h>
-
- /*
- * __rspartition is the cutoff point for a further partitioning instead
- * of a shellsort. If it changes check __rsshell_increments. Both of
- * these are exported, as the best values are data dependent.
- */
- #define NPARTITION 40
- int __rspartition = NPARTITION;
- int __rsshell_increments[] = { 4, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
-
- /*
- * Stackp points to context structures, where each structure schedules a
- * partitioning. Radixsort exits when the stack is empty.
- *
- * If the buckets are placed on the stack randomly, the worst case is when
- * all the buckets but one contain (npartitions + 1) elements and the bucket
- * pushed on the stack last contains the rest of the elements. In this case,
- * stack growth is bounded by:
- *
- * limit = (nelements / (npartitions + 1)) - 1;
- *
- * This is a very large number, 52,377,648 for the maximum 32-bit signed int.
- *
- * By forcing the largest bucket to be pushed on the stack first, the worst
- * case is when all but two buckets each contain (npartitions + 1) elements,
- * with the remaining elements split equally between the first and last
- * buckets pushed on the stack. In this case, stack growth is bounded when:
- *
- * for (partition_cnt = 0; nelements > npartitions; ++partition_cnt)
- * nelements =
- * (nelements - (npartitions + 1) * (nbuckets - 2)) / 2;
- * The bound is:
- *
- * limit = partition_cnt * (nbuckets - 1);
- *
- * This is a much smaller number, 4590 for the maximum 32-bit signed int.
- */
- #define NBUCKETS (UCHAR_MAX + 1)
-
- typedef struct _stack {
- const u_char **bot;
- int indx, nmemb;
- } CONTEXT;
-
- #define STACKPUSH { \
- stackp->bot = p; \
- stackp->nmemb = nmemb; \
- stackp->indx = indx; \
- ++stackp; \
- }
- #define STACKPOP { \
- if (stackp == stack) \
- break; \
- --stackp; \
- bot = stackp->bot; \
- nmemb = stackp->nmemb; \
- indx = stackp->indx; \
- }
-
- /*
- * A variant of MSD radix sorting; see Knuth Vol. 3, page 177, and 5.2.5,
- * Ex. 10 and 12. Also, "Three Partition Refinement Algorithms, Paige
- * and Tarjan, SIAM J. Comput. Vol. 16, No. 6, December 1987.
- *
- * This uses a simple sort as soon as a bucket crosses a cutoff point,
- * rather than sorting the entire list after partitioning is finished.
- * This should be an advantage.
- *
- * This is pure MSD instead of LSD of some number of MSD, switching to
- * the simple sort as soon as possible. Takes linear time relative to
- * the number of bytes in the strings.
- */
-
- #if __STDC__
- static void shellsort(register const u_char **p, register int indx, register int nmemb, register const u_char *tr);
- #else
- static void shellsort();
- #endif
-
- int
- #if __STDC__
- radixsort(const u_char **l1, int nmemb, const u_char *tab, u_char endbyte)
- #else
- radixsort(l1, nmemb, tab, endbyte)
- const u_char **l1;
- register int nmemb;
- const u_char *tab;
- u_char endbyte;
- #endif
- {
- register int i, indx, t1, t2;
- register const u_char **l2;
- register const u_char **p;
- register const u_char **bot;
- register const u_char *tr;
- CONTEXT *stack, *stackp;
- int c[NBUCKETS + 1], max;
- u_char ltab[NBUCKETS];
-
- if (nmemb <= 1)
- return(0);
-
- /*
- * T1 is the constant part of the equation, the number of elements
- * represented on the stack between the top and bottom entries.
- * It doesn't get rounded as the divide by 2 rounds down (correct
- * for a value being subtracted). T2, the nelem value, has to be
- * rounded up before each divide because we want an upper bound;
- * this could overflow if nmemb is the maximum int.
- */
- t1 = ((__rspartition + 1) * (NBUCKETS - 2)) >> 1;
- for (i = 0, t2 = nmemb; t2 > __rspartition; i += NBUCKETS - 1)
- t2 = ((t2 + 1) >> 1) - t1;
- if (i) {
- if (!(stack = stackp = (CONTEXT *)malloc(i * sizeof(CONTEXT))))
- return(-1);
- } else
- stack = stackp = NULL;
-
- /*
- * There are two arrays, one provided by the user (l1), and the
- * temporary one (l2). The data is sorted to the temporary stack,
- * and then copied back. The speedup of using index to determine
- * which stack the data is on and simply swapping stacks back and
- * forth, thus avoiding the copy every iteration, turns out to not
- * be any faster than the current implementation.
- */
- if (!(l2 = (const u_char **)malloc(sizeof(u_char *) * nmemb)))
- return(-1);
-
- /*
- * Tr references a table of sort weights; multiple entries may
- * map to the same weight; EOS char must have the lowest weight.
- */
- if (tab)
- tr = tab;
- else {
- for (t1 = 0, t2 = endbyte; t1 < t2; ++t1)
- ltab[t1] = t1 + 1;
- ltab[t2] = 0;
- for (t1 = endbyte + 1; t1 < NBUCKETS; ++t1)
- ltab[t1] = t1;
- tr = ltab;
- }
-
- /* First sort is entire stack */
- bot = l1;
- indx = 0;
-
- for (;;) {
- /* Clear bucket count array */
- bzero((char *)c, sizeof(c));
-
- /*
- * Compute number of items that sort to the same bucket
- * for this index.
- */
- for (p = bot, i = nmemb; --i >= 0;)
- ++c[tr[(*p++)[indx]]];
-
- /*
- * Sum the number of characters into c, dividing the temp
- * stack into the right number of buckets for this bucket,
- * this index. C contains the cumulative total of keys
- * before and included in this bucket, and will later be
- * used as an index to the bucket. c[NBUCKETS] contains
- * the total number of elements, for determining how many
- * elements the last bucket contains. At the same time
- * find the largest bucket so it gets pushed first.
- */
- for (i = max = t1 = 0, t2 = __rspartition; i <= NBUCKETS; ++i) {
- if (c[i] > t2) {
- t2 = c[i];
- max = i;
- }
- t1 = c[i] += t1;
- }
-
- /*
- * Partition the elements into buckets; c decrements through
- * the bucket, and ends up pointing to the first element of
- * the bucket.
- */
- for (i = nmemb; --i >= 0;) {
- --p;
- l2[--c[tr[(*p)[indx]]]] = *p;
- }
-
- /* Copy the partitioned elements back to user stack */
- bcopy(l2, bot, nmemb * sizeof(u_char *));
-
- ++indx;
- /*
- * Sort buckets as necessary; don't sort c[0], it's the
- * EOS character bucket, and nothing can follow EOS.
- */
- for (i = max; i; --i) {
- if ((nmemb = c[i + 1] - (t1 = c[i])) < 2)
- continue;
- p = bot + t1;
- if (nmemb > __rspartition)
- STACKPUSH
- else
- shellsort(p, indx, nmemb, tr);
- }
- for (i = max + 1; i < NBUCKETS; ++i) {
- if ((nmemb = c[i + 1] - (t1 = c[i])) < 2)
- continue;
- p = bot + t1;
- if (nmemb > __rspartition)
- STACKPUSH
- else
- shellsort(p, indx, nmemb, tr);
- }
- /* Break out when stack is empty */
- STACKPOP
- }
-
- free((char *)l2);
- free((char *)stack);
- return(0);
- }
-
- /*
- * Shellsort (diminishing increment sort) from Data Structures and
- * Algorithms, Aho, Hopcraft and Ullman, 1983 Edition, page 290;
- * see also Knuth Vol. 3, page 84. The increments are selected from
- * formula (8), page 95. Roughly O(N^3/2).
- */
- static void
- shellsort(p, indx, nmemb, tr)
- register const u_char **p, *tr;
- register int indx, nmemb;
- {
- register u_char ch;
- register const u_char *s1, *s2;
- register int incr, *incrp, t1, t2;
-
- for (incrp = __rsshell_increments; incr = *incrp++;)
- for (t1 = incr; t1 < nmemb; ++t1)
- for (t2 = t1 - incr; t2 >= 0;) {
- s1 = p[t2] + indx;
- s2 = p[t2 + incr] + indx;
- while ((ch = tr[*s1++]) == tr[*s2] && ch)
- ++s2;
- if (ch > tr[*s2]) {
- s1 = p[t2];
- p[t2] = p[t2 + incr];
- p[t2 + incr] = s1;
- t2 -= incr;
- } else
- break;
- }
- }
-